THE STUDY OF SEPTIC TANK EMPTYING STRATEGY IN URBAN AREAS CASE STUDY OF PADANG CITY, WEST SUMATRA

Authors

  • Nadya Khairannisa Andrizal Department of Environmental Engineering, Universitas Andalas, Padang, Indonesia, 25167
  • Rizki Aziz Department of Environmental Engineering, Universitas Andalas, Padang, Indonesia, 25167
  • Puti Sri Komala Department of Environmental Engineering, Universitas Andalas, Padang, Indonesia, 25167

Keywords:

Fecal Sludge Management, Padang City, Safe Emptying; Sanitation, Septic Tank Emptying, SWOT Analysis

Abstract

Septic tank emptying in Padang City has not been effectively implemented. Low public participation and illegal disposal of fecal sludge into drainage systems and water bodies remains common. This study aims to assess how the households manage septic tank emptying and offers strategic recommendations using a SWOT analysis. The data obtained from questionnaires given to 100 households across all sub-districts, as well as interviews with stakeholders from the Dinas LH of Padang City about current desludging programs. The emptying practices were grouped into safe and unsafe emptying. Results show that only 26,33% of households manage septic tanks properly in terms of construction, emptying, and knowledge. Based on the SWOT analysis result, the household fecal sludge management in Padang City's is situated in the quadrant II, meaning existing opportunities can be used to deal with internal weaknesses. Recommended strategies include regulatory development, capacity building, community engagement, and regular monitoring and evaluation to support the implementation of safe emptying practices.

References

Alwan, M R. 2022. “Usulan Strategi Perusahaan PT Progressio Indonesia Menggunakan Analisis SWOT Dan Matriks QSPM.” Fti. https://eproceeding.itenas.ac.id/index.php/fti/article/view/1027%0Ahttps://eproceeding.itenas.ac.id/index.php/fti/article/download/1027/999.

Asmara, Adelia Anju, Suphia Rahmawati, Andik Yulianto, Margita Rahayu Abay, Dilla Arlina, and Dhandhun Wacano. 2021. “A Comprehensive Assessment of Septage Management in Bantul, Yogyakarta.” Indonesian Journal of Urban and Environmental Technology 4 (2): 109–24. doi:10.25105/urbanenvirotech.v4i2.7624.

Badan Pusat Statistik. 2023. Kota Padang Dalam Angka. Kota Padang.

Bao, Pham Ngoc, Muhammad Sonny Abfertiawan, Pankaj Kumar, and Muhammad Fahmi Hakim. 2020. “Challenges and Opportunities for Septage Management in the Urban Areas of Indonesia – Case Study in Bandung City.” Journal of Engineering and Technological Sciences 52 (4): 481–500. doi:10.5614/j.eng.technol.sci.2020.52.4.3.

Bappenas, and UNICEF. 2024. Market Assessment for Safely Managed Sanitation in Indonesia. https://www.unicef.org/indonesia/media/20816/file/Market Assessment for Safely Managed Sanitation in Indonesia.pdf.

Campos, Luiza C., Philippa Ross, Zaheer A. Nasir, Huw Taylor, and Jonathan Parkinson. 2015. “Development and Application of a Methodology to Assess Sanitary Risks in Maputo, Mozambique.” Environment and Urbanization 27 (2): 371–88. doi:10.1177/0956247815595784.

Conaway, Katharine, Sarah Lebu, Kylie Heilferty, Aaron Salzberg, and Musa Manga. 2023. “On-Site Sanitation System Emptying Practices and Influential Factors in Asian Low- and Middle-Income Countries: A Systematic Review.” Hygiene and Environmental Health Advances 6 (August 2022). Elsevier B.V. doi:10.1016/j.heha.2023.100050.

Cookey, Peter Emmanuel, Ziggy Kugedera, Muhammed Alamgir, and Damir Brdjanovic. 2020. “Perception Management of Non-Sewered Sanitation Systems towards Scheduled Faecal Sludge Emptying Behaviour Change Intervention.” Humanities and Social Sciences Communications 7 (1). Springer US: 1–20. doi:10.1057/s41599-020-00662-0.

Dinas PUPR Kota Padang. 2023. Pemerintah Kota Padang. http://padang.go.id/konten/gambaran-umum-kota-padang.

Gautam, Mamta, Kavita Wankhade, Gayathri Sarangan, and Srinithi Sudhakar. 2021. “Framework for Addressing Occupational Safety of De-Sludging Operators : A Study in Two Indian Cities.” Journal of Environmental Management 289 (June 2020). Elsevier Ltd: 112243. doi:10.1016/j.jenvman.2021.112243.

Gunawan, Arief, Lars Schoebitz, and Linda Strande. 2015. “SFD Promotion Initiative Khulna Bangladesh, Final Report.” SFD Promotion Initiative, 58. http://www.susana.org/_resources/documents/default/3-2361-7-1447766816.pdf.

Heale, Roberta, and Alison Twycross. 2015. “Validity and Reliability in Quantitative Studies.” Evidence-Based Nursing 18 (3): 66–67. doi:10.1136/eb-2015-102129.

Hidayat, B., T. Ophiyandri, and A. Tudi. 2019. “The Implementation of Sustainable Community-Based Environmental Sanitation Development Policy (SLBM) in Tebo Regency.” IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 361 (1). doi:10.1088/1755-1315/361/1/012016.

Islam, Sahidul. 2016. “A Comparative Study on Fecal Sludge Management in Three Municipalities of Bangladesh October , 2016 Department of Civil Engineering Khulna University of Engineering & Technology Khulna - 9203 , Bangladesh.”

Jenkins, Marion W., Oliver Cumming, and Sandy Cairncross. 2015. “Pit Latrine Emptying Behavior and Demand for Sanitation Services in Dar Es Salaam, Tanzania.” International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 12 (3): 2588–2611. doi:10.3390/ijerph120302588.

Knox, Stephen, Carolina Marin-Cadavid, and Victoria Oziri. 2025. “Stakeholder Engagement-as-Practice in Public Sector Innovation.” International Public Management Journal 28 (1). Routledge: 153–68. doi:10.1080/10967494.2024.2423952.

Lerebours, Alix, Rebecca Scott, Kevin Sansom, and Sam Kayaga. 2021. “Regulating Sanitation Services in Sub-Saharan Africa: An Overview of the Regulation of Emptying and Transport of Faecal Sludge in 20 Cities and Its Implementation.” Utilities Policy 73: 0–15. doi:10.1016/j.jup.2021.101315.

Maria Rusca, Cecilia Alda-Vidal, Michelle Kooy. 2018. “Chapter 11: Sanitation Justice? The Multiple Dimensions of Urban Sanitation Inequalities.” In Water Justice, 210–25. Cambridge University Press. https://doi.org/10.1017/9781316831847.014.

Mondal, Sabok. 2018. “Faecal Sludge Management in Khulna City: An Approach for Safe Emptying.”

Moningka, Brilsya, Veronica A Kumurur, and Ingerid L Moniaga. 2015. “Analisis Pengelolaan Lumpur Tinja Di Kecamatan Sario Kota Manado.” Sabua 7 (2): 437–45.

Opel, Aftab, and M. Khairul Bashar. 2013. “Inefficient Technology or Misperceived Demand: The Failure of Vacutug-Based Pit-Emptying Services in Bangladesh.” Waterlines 32 (3): 213–20. doi:10.3362/1756-3488.2013.022.

Paramita, Nadia, Rachmadhi Purwana, Djoko Mulyo Hartono, and Tri Edhi Budhi Soesilo. 2025. “Determining Factors and Strategy in Sustainable Fecal Sludge Management Services.” Groundwater for Sustainable Development 28 (March 2024). Elsevier B.V.: 101390. doi:10.1016/j.gsd.2024.101390.

Pemerintah Kota Padang. 2011. Peraturan Daerah Kota Padang Nomor 11 Tahun 2011 Tentang Retribusi Jasa Umum. Indonesia.

Ramadhan, Dian, Shinta Indah, and Denny Helard. 2023. “Strategi Pengelolaan Air Limbah Domestik Di Kawasan Permukiman Hulu Sungai Kelurahan Hutaimbaru Kota Padangsidimpuan.” Jurnal Kesehatan Lingkungan Indonesia 22 (3): 274–81. doi:10.14710/jkli.22.3.274-281.

Sisay, Shegaw Fentaye, Sirak Robele Gari, and Argaw Ambelu. 2024. “Fecal Sludge Management and Sanitation Safety: An Assessment in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.” Environmental Health Insights 18. doi:10.1177/11786302241267187.

Sugiyono. 2019. Metode Penelitian Kuantitatif, Kualitatif, Dan R&D. Bandung: Alfabeta.

The World Bank. 2015. “Flow of Funds, Flow of Water,” 1–5. http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/2010/01/12013216/flow-funds-flow-water.

Trieputra, Arieza Akbary. 2017. “Understanding Persistent Faecal Sludge Management Challenges in Selected Low-Income Urban Neighbourhoods Study Case of DKI Jakarta.”

Zuraini, Juanda A. 2017. “Strategi Perubahan Perilaku Pemilihan Septic Tank Di Permukiman Daerah Rendah (Studi Kasus Kota Di Banjarmasin).” Jurnal Kesehatan Lingkungan: Jurnal Dan Aplikasi Teknik Kesehatan Lingkungan 14 (2): 503–12. doi:10.31964/jkl.v14i2.71.

Downloads

Published

2026-02-25

How to Cite

Andrizal, N. K., Aziz, R., & Sri Komala, P. (2026). THE STUDY OF SEPTIC TANK EMPTYING STRATEGY IN URBAN AREAS CASE STUDY OF PADANG CITY, WEST SUMATRA. Lingkar: Journal of Environmental Engineering, 6(2), 1–17. Retrieved from https://journal.ar-raniry.ac.id/index.php/lingkar/article/view/8686