ECO-MOSQUE AND ENVIRONMENTAL SUSTAINABILITY: A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW OF PRACTICE AND APPLICATIONS

Abstract

Eco-mosque represents an environmental awareness movement in architecture, which has been recognized globally. The design of the eco-mosque contributes to sustainable development, particularly environmental sustainability. This study reviews the eco-mosque practices in both certified and non-certified mosques. Optimizing the PRISMA framework, five articles of 205 initial results, which were published between 2020 and 2025, were included in this study. The data was analyzed by thematic and comparative methods. The results indicate that certified mosque implements integrated advanced technology guided by green building standards, such as energy-efficient materials, renewable energy, and a water recycling system. Meanwhile, non-certified mosques, including traditional ones, highlight the passive approaches such as using local material and natural ventilation, which align with environmental principles. This study emphasizes the need for an inclusive eco-mosque framework that embraces both certified innovations and context-responsive vernacular approaches, offering practical insight for sustainable religious architecture.