Memahami Fenomena Populisme di Abad ke-21
Understanding the Phenomenon of Populism in the 21st Century
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.22373/jsai.v4i1.2691Keywords:
Populisme, Populis, Rakyat, Elite, Kehendak UmumAbstract
This article aims to discuss populism, a term in politics that is increasingly used throughout the world, including in Indonesia. Populism has been used to describe many leaders and situations in different contexts, and scholars have not agreed on a definitive formulation. This article will fill this gap by using a literature review to increase and enrich knowledge about populism and deepen its surrounding discourse, specifically academic discourse in social and political fields. This article contends that although scholars differ in their definition of populism, the political phenomenon can still be identified. Empirically, populism can be identified through behaviors, attitudes, and political rhetoric. Furthermore, the article concludes that increased populism in a global and national context is influenced by various contexts and problems that exist in different countries.
Abstrak
Artikel ini membahas tentang populisme, yaitu sebuah term politik yang akhir-akhir ini menguat di dunia, termasuk di Indonesia. Populisme telah digunakan untuk menggambarkan pemimpin dan situasi dalam konteks yang beragam, dan para scholar belum menemukan kata sepakat mengenai formulasi definisi yang tepat tentang populisme. Artikel ini mencoba mendiskusikannya dengan menggunakan pendekatan studi literatur dengan harapan dapat memberikan kontribusi dan pengayaan pengetahuan, memperdalam diskursus dan menambah wacana akademik, khususnya dalam bidang ilmu sosial dan politik. Kajian ini berpendapat bahwa meskipun para ahli memiliki pandangan yang berbeda tentang populisme, tidak berarti fenomena sosial politik ini tidak dapat diidentifikasi. Pada tingkat empiris, populisme dapat diidentifikasi melalui sikap, perilaku dan retorika politiknya. Artikel ini berkesimpulan bahwa menguatnya populisme di tingkat global dan nasional dipengaruhi oleh faktor yang beragam sesuai dengan konteks dan persoalan yang dihadapi oleh masing-masing negara.
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