Kerentanan Sosial pada Komunitas Pemulung di Perkotaan
Social Vulnerability among Urban Waste Pickers Community
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.22373/jsai.v4i1.2129Keywords:
Social Vulnerability, Waste Pickers Community, Urban Poor, DeprivationAbstract
The waste picker community faces social exclusion and poverty, resulting in a high degree of social vulnerability. To implement effective social policies, it is crucial to understand the complex social vulnerabilities experienced by these individuals. This study aims to illuminate the extent of deprivation faced by urban Indonesian waste pickers in the modern world, revealing not only the intricacies and depth of their vulnerabilities but also the contributing factors. A qualitative research approach was employed, consisting of interviews and observations within a South Tangerang waste picker community from 2014 to 2018. The findings reveal that waste pickers' vulnerabilities stem from interrelated, multidimensional, and layered deprivations. These vulnerabilities should not be viewed as isolated individual conditions but rather as collective community experiences. Consequently, social policies must be developed with a focus on the collectivity of waste pickers, taking into account their relationships and vulnerabilities, and implemented progressively over time.
Abstrak
Komunitas pemulung hidup dalam eksklusi sosial dan kemiskinan, yang menyebabkan derajat kerentanan sosial mereka tinggi. Kebijakan sosial yang tepat tidak akan bisa terlaksana jika tidak diketahui kompleksitas kerentanan sosial yang dialami pemulung. Studi ini bertujuan untuk menjelaskan sejauh mana pemulung di perkotaan Indonesia mengalami deprivasi dalam dunia modern, sehingga dapat terungkap bukan hanya lapisan-lapisan dan kedalaman dari kerentanan mereka, tetapi juga beberapa faktor yang menjadi penyebabnya. Untuk itu, peneliti melakukan studi kualitatif dengan wawancara dan observasi pada satu komunitas pemulung di kota Tangerang Selatan, sejak tahun 2014 hingga 2018. Hasil temuan menunjukkan bahwa kerentanan yang dialami pemulung disebabkan oleh deprivasi yang berlapis, multidimensional dan saling berkaitan. Kerentanan pemulung juga tidak dapat dipahami sebagai kondisi individual, tapi pengalaman kolektif yang berbasis komunitas. Oleh sebab itu, kebijakan sosial yang dikembangkan harus memahami kolektivitas pemulung tersebut, harus menimbang semua relasi dan kerentanan yang dimiliki pemulung, dan harus dilaksanakan secara bertahap dalam waktu yang tidak sebentar.
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