KONSEP ADH DHARURAH DALAM HUKUM ISLAM
Keywords:
Adh Dharurah, Hukum Islam, Kondisi Darurat, Pengecualian, Kepentingan EsensialAbstract
The concept of adh dharurah in Islamic law permits exceptions to Sharia prohibitions in emergency conditions to protect essential interests such as life, religion, intellect, lineage, and property. This concept is based on evidence from the Quran, Hadith of the Prophet, and fiqh principles that serve as the foundation for scholars in determining its criteria and limitations. Al Zimah and Rukhshah become fundamental principles in providing relief and legal exceptions when emergency conditions occur. The application mechanism of adh dharurah includes tabdil (substitution), tanqish (reduction), ta'widh (compensation), and izalah (elimination) of Sharia obligations or prohibitions according to emergency needs. The main criteria of adh dharurah are real threats to life, extreme compulsion, and the absence of other halal alternatives. Application limitations include the principle of need according to conditions, not causing greater harm, and being temporary until normal conditions return. In the modern context, this concept can be applied to various contemporary issues such as medical treatment, food and beverages, finance, and family and social problems. However, the application of adh dharurah must be carried out carefully and refer to guidance from scholars and standardized fatwa institutions to prevent misuse and deviation.References
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