A Comparative of Sanctions for Hoax as an Information Crime under the Electronic Information and Transactions Law (UU ITE) and Fiqh Jinayah

Sumardi Efendi

doi:10.22373/hadhanah.v5i1.7698

Authors

Sumardi Efendi Sekolah Tinggi Agama Islam Negeri Teungku Dirundeng Meulaboh, Aceh, Indonesia

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.22373/hadhanah.v5i1.7698

Keywords:

Hoax, UU ITE, Fiqh Jinayah, Ta’zir, Maqasid al-Syariah

Abstract

The dissemination of hoaxes as a form of digital information crime presents a serious challenge in modern society. Hoaxes not only cause individual harm but also disrupt social stability. Therefore, a legal approach is required that is not solely legalistic but also grounded in ethical and moral values. This research is focused on identifying the legal elements in hoax crimes according to the ITE Law and fiqh jinayah, analyzing the form and purpose of sanctions given in both legal systems, and providing integrative recommendations for law enforcement of information crimes in Indonesia that consider the principles of Islamic law as the moral and spiritual values of the nation. This study employs a library research method using a qualitative-descriptive approach. Data were obtained from academic literature, classical and contemporary fiqh texts, statutory regulations, and accredited scientific journals, then analyzed through a comparative legal framework. The Indonesian Electronic Information and Transactions Law (UU ITE) imposes criminal sanctions in the form of imprisonment and fines on hoax perpetrators, aiming to create a deterrent effect and protect the public. Meanwhile, fiqh jinayah views the dissemination of hoaxes as jinayah al-lisan (verbal offense), which may be subject to ta’zir punishment based on the extent of harm caused. The principles of maqasid al-syariah and social responsibility reinforce the urgency of education and substantive justice. The fiqh jinayah approach may complement positive law in addressing hoaxes by prioritizing public interest (maslahah), prevention, and moral values. Integrating Islamic legal principles into national law constitutes a strategic solution to the complexity of digital information crimes.

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