KULMINASI: Journal of Falak and Sharia

A Study Of The Antikythera's Makanism As A Classical Astronomical Instrument And Its Implications For Eclipses

Syikma Riyadlil Jannah — 2024-12-19

The circulation of celestial bodies at some point is on a straight line, including the phenomenon when the Earth, Moon, and Sun are in one line called an eclipse phenomenon. In predicting the occurrence of eclipses, scientists have created their works either in the form of calculations (tables) or with an instrument. In the 1900s, a bronze-based fragment was found which was then subjected to further research collaboration and produced an instrument called the Antikythera Mechanism. The instrument is also called an ancient computer that has high accuracy. As a test of the instrument's accuracy, scientists created a virtual reality model. This paper aims to open the treasures of classical astronomy (Falak Science) through classical instruments with a library research method. As for analyzing the data, the author uses a qualitative-descriptive approach. The results of this paper show that the Antikythera mechanism instrument is one of the classical instruments with very complicated components in ancient times which can then be used in determining the eclipse phenomenon. The prediction results contained in the instrument have high accuracy after testing the accuracy with NASA calculations.

Implementation of Spherical Trigonometry Qibla Direction Formula with Modern Calculating Tools

Nuril Fathoni Hamas — 2024-12-09

The determination of the direction of the Qibla can now be calculated using spherical trigonometry theory. However, in its application there are still shortcomings in the correct placement of quadrants related to the results, such as producing UB, SB, UT, ST, this will make the calculation results of the Qibla azimuth less precise. So this paper will examine the implementation of spherical trigonometry of the Qibla direction formula with modern calculating tools, so that errors in quadrant placement can be avoided. The research method used to complete this paper is a qualitative method literature study. Data sources are taken from books, journals and several articles from electronic media then analyzed using descriptive analysis techniques. The results of this study are the application of the spherical trigonometry formula for the direction of the Qibla can be done with modern calculating tools using the atan2 function which is already available in various programming including Excel. The use of this atan2 function will provide the results of the Qibla direction according to the correct quadrant, so that calculation errors can be minimized.

Rukyatul Hilal: Feasibility of Holiped Observation Site for Aryaduta Hotel Palembang City

Hesti Suci Cahyani — 2024-12-08

The location of Rukyatul Hilal in the city of Palembang is located on the holiped of the Aryaduta Hotel which is a permanent and permanent place for observing the new moon, so that at the beginning of every Hijriyyah month the South Sumatra Ministry of Religion regional office team and the South Sumatra Rukyat reckoning team collaborate with the hotel to carry out new moon observations at the hotel. The research method used is qualitative, with data collection in the form of observation, interviews and documentation. Then the data was analyzed using descriptive analysis techniques. The results of the research found that the location for observing the new moon in the city of Palembang was considered less suitable because there were several primary aspects that were not yet perfect, apart from that at the Aryaduta Hotel holiped it was not suitable because there was quite high light pollution and air pollution, it was often cloudy and even often rained when observing the new moon. thus disrupting the rukyatul hilal process. However, the Aryaduta Hotel is considered a strategic location because it is located in the middle of the city of Palembang, which clearly shows that the location is high and the accessibility and facilities of the hotel are an adequate place for peace in the City of Palembang.

Analysis Of Hilal Image Processing Method At Lembaga Falakiyah Nahdlatul Ulama Ponorogo

M. Zaidul Kirom — 2024-12-24

The Nahdlatul Ulama Branch Management Falakiyah Institute (LF PCNU) Ponorogo uses the image processing method in the rukyatul hilal process. By using this method, LF PCNU Ponorogo has succeeded in capturing the hilal image several times. This study aims to determine the characteristics of the LF PCNU Ponorogo image processing method for rukyatul hilal. This study is a Field Research category with a qualitative research type. Interviews and documentations are used for the data collection method. Furthermore, data analysis use descriptive analysis techniques and verification analysis. The primary data source in this study is the data that obtained in the field such as interviews and documentations. The secondary data is the data related to research such as image processing and astronomy books. The result of this study indicates that the application of the LF PCNU Ponorogo hilal image processing method for rukyatul hilal is processing on hilal images as verification of the existence of hilal in the image. The LF PCNU Ponorogo hilal image processing method has its own characteristics such as the use of video mode in capturing raw data to be processed by IRIS application.

The Reconstruction Of Falak Science Against Astronomy

Kurniawan Daeng — 2024-12-15

This study discusses astrology and its relationship with modern science, with the aim of overcoming the dichotomy that has so far distinguished astrology as a religious science and astronomy as a non-religious science. This dichotomy has limited astrology to religious aspects, such as the determination of qibla direction, prayer times, the beginning of the lunar month, and eclipse events. This study found that, in Islamic history, astrology not only played a role in religious aspects, but also contributed to the development of scientific methods that support modern astronomy. This reconstruction confirms that astrology has a broader scope than what has been understood so far, including cosmology, astrophysics, and other cosmic phenomena known as falak ilmy. Thus, a paradigm reconstruction of phalac science is needed so that it is not only seen as a religious science but also as an integral part of the development of science as a whole.

Historiography of the Thought of Imkan al-Ru’yat by Sayid Utsman bin Yahya

Nazilah Salsabila — 2024-11-29

This paper aims to reveal Sayid Utsman's arguments that Imkan al-ru’yat (the possibility of sighting the new moon) is at an altitude of 7 degrees. The study seeks to analyze Sayid Utsman's thoughts on Imkan al-ru’yat from a historiographical perspective. This includes exploring the intellectual genealogy of Sayid Utsman's astronomical thought, understanding his perspective on Imkan al-ru’yat, and examining the criteria for Imkan al-ru’yat during his era. The research relies on qualitative data collected through documentation methods to gain an in-depth understanding of Sayid Utsman bin Yahya's thoughts on Imkan al-ru’yat. It is found that, according to Sayid Utsman, Imkan al-ru’yat is at an altitude of 7 degrees under certain conditions, and sometimes even reaches 8 degrees. Sayid Utsman's thoughts on Imkan al-ru’yat are a result of his studies with his grandfather, Sheikh Abdurrahman bin Ahmad al-Misry. In establishing the 7-degree criterion, Sayid Utsman cites the opinions of Imam Ibn Qadhi and Imam Ibn Hajar. It should also be noted that the Imkan al-ru’yat criteria during Sayid Utsman's era and for a century afterwards were considered to be at an altitude of 7 degrees.

Time Calculation for Prayer: Insights from Ikhtiṣaru Al-Falaki by Abu Muhammad Isa

Annisa Shabirah Hajar — 2024-11-30

Abstract: The book Ikhtiṣaru al-Falaki is a classical manuscript written by Abu Muhammad Isa in Arabic. This classical book consists of 94 pages and uses the classical tool rubu’ mujayyab as its calculation aid. In addition, Abu Muhammad Isa also used this book as a guide in creating his other work, "Schedule of Prayer Times for Eternity," which is still used in several mosques located near Dayah Darul Falah. Based on that background, this research aims to further examine the methods and their accuracy compared to other similar texts. The type of research used is qualitative research of a literature-based nature. (library research). The data collection technique was carried out through interviews and documentation. Next, it will be analyzed using descriptive and comparative analysis techniques. The research results show that the Kitab Ikhtiṣaru al-Falaki uses the method of hisab haqiqi taqribi and requires correction data because it has a difference of 0-6 minutes for Fajr time, 2-4 minutes for Isha time, and 0-5 minutes for Asr time when compared to the Kitab Durusul Falakiyah, which is similar to it.