Pangaribuan N. The Relevance of Ibn Khaldun Concept of ’Ashabiyah to the Advancement of Science During the Mamluk Dynasty: Relevansi Konsep ‘Ashabiyah Ibn Khaldun dalam Perkembangan Ilmu Pengetahuan Pada Masa Dinasti Mamluk. IJIHC [Internet]. 2026 May 31 [cited 2026 Jun. 4];7(1):31-9. Available from: https://journal.ar-raniry.ac.id/index.php/IJIHC/article/view/9626