“The Relevance of Ibn Khaldun Concept of ’Ashabiyah to the Advancement of Science During the Mamluk Dynasty: Relevansi Konsep ‘Ashabiyah Ibn Khaldun dalam Perkembangan Ilmu Pengetahuan Pada Masa Dinasti Mamluk”, IJIHC, vol. 7, no. 1, pp. 31–39, May 2026, doi: 10.22373/ijihc.v7i1.9626.