Multiplier Effect Analysis on Local Wisdom-Based Mangrove Forest Ecotourism for Sustainable Economic Development in Langsa City, Aceh

Abstract

The development of ecotourism clusters based on local wisdom has the potential to create a positive
multiplier effect for the local economy. Langsa Mangrove Forest Tourism has an area of around 8,000 hectares and is
one of the largest mangrove forests in Southeast Asia. At least, there are around 38 types of mangroves living in the
location. The purpose of this study was to analyze the impact of activities at the Langsa Mangrove Forest tourist
attraction based on local wisdom on sustainable economic development in Langsa City. The analysis technique used
is descriptive analysis to identify all stakeholders and Keynesian Income Multiplier analysis to identify multiple
impacts in the Langsa City Mangrove Forest. The results of the research show that based on the data obtained to
determine the magnitude of the economic impact on Langsa Mangrove Forest Tourism, the Keynesian Multiplier
Effect value was obtained, namely 2.3, which means that every time there is an increase in tourist spending by one
rupiah, it will have a direct impact of 2.3 rupiah. The Type 1 Income Multiplier Ratio is 1.84, which means that every
one rupiah increase in business unit revenues will result in an increase of 1.84 rupiah in the income of surrounding
workers (in the form of business owner income and labor wages). Furthermore, the value obtained from the Type 2
Income Multiplier Ratio is 2.56, which means that if there is an increase of one rupiah in business unit revenues, it is
predicted that it will result in an increase of 2.56 rupiah in the business unit owner's income, labor income and labor
consumption expenditure in local level. The development of mangrove ecotourism in Langsa City should be able to
improve the welfare of the surrounding community, preserve the environment, and strengthen cultural identity. This
concept is in line with the principles of sustainable development which emphasizes the balance between economic,
social, and environmental aspects.