Naskh and Reconciliation between Postulates: Analysis of MuḤammad ʿAbduh's Interpretation in Tafsīr Al-Manār
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.22373/el-sunan.v4i1.10717Keywords:
Nasakh, Muhammad Abduh, Kompromi, Kontradiksi, AyatAbstract
The concept of naskh (abrogation) has been one of the most debated issues in Qur’anic studies, particularly regarding its scope and legitimacy within the Qur’an. This study addresses the problem of divergent interpretations of naskh by examining how Muhammad ʿAbduh, a modern reformist exegete, redefines this concept in contrast to classical scholarship. The main research question investigates how ʿAbduh understands naskh and what implications this understanding has for Qur’anic interpretation. This research employs a qualitative library-based approach, using a descriptive-analytical method to examine primary and secondary sources related to ʿAbduh’s exegetical thought. The findings reveal that ʿAbduh offers a distinctive interpretation of Q. al-Baqarah (2):106, arguing that the term āyah refers not to Qur’anic verses but to āyāt kawniyyah (cosmic signs or prophetic miracles). Based on this interpretation, he rejects the notion of abrogated verses (āyāt mansūkhah) within the Qur’an. This study concludes that Abduh’s perspective emphasizes internal coherence, rational consistency, and non-contradiction in the Qur’an, thereby reshaping the classical discourse on naskh and offering an alternative framework for modern Qur’anic interpretation.
ABSTRAK
Konsep naskh (abrogasi) merupakan salah satu persoalan yang paling banyak diperdebatkan dalam studi Al-Qur’an, khususnya terkait ruang lingkup dan legitimasi penerapannya dalam Al-Qur’an. Penelitian ini mengkaji perbedaan interpretasi mengenai naskh dengan menelaah bagaimana Muhammad ʿAbduh, seorang mufasir reformis modern, mendefinisikan kembali konsep tersebut sebagai respons terhadap pandangan ulama klasik. Pertanyaan utama penelitian ini adalah bagaimana ʿAbduh memahami naskh dan apa implikasi pemahaman tersebut terhadap penafsiran Al-Qur’an. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif berbasis studi kepustakaan dengan metode deskriptif-analitis untuk mengkaji sumber primer dan sekunder yang berkaitan dengan pemikiran tafsir ʿAbduh. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa ʿAbduh memberikan interpretasi berbeda terhadap Q.S. al-Baqarah (2):106 dengan berpendapat bahwa istilah āyah tidak merujuk pada ayat-ayat Al-Qur’an, melainkan āyāt kawniyyah, yaitu tanda-tanda kosmis atau mukjizat kenabian. Berdasarkan interpretasi tersebut, ia menolak keberadaan ayat-ayat Al-Qur’an yang mengalami abrogasi (āyāt mansūkhah). Penelitian ini menyimpulkan bahwa perspektif ʿAbduh menekankan koherensi internal, konsistensi rasional, dan ketiadaan kontradiksi dalam Al-Qur’an, sehingga menawarkan kerangka alternatif bagi penafsiran Al-Qur’an modern.
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