Indonesian Journal of Environmental Sustainability

SPATIAL ANALYSIS OF HIGH CONSERVATION VALUE AREAS AS PROVIDERS OF NATURAL ENVIRONMENTAL SERVICES IN THE KRUENG PEUSANGAN WATERSHED, ACEH PROVINCE

Tito Eka Syafjanuar — 2024-07-31

Watershed is a unity of ecosystem from upstream to downstream consisting of the main elements of soil, vegetation, water, and air. Watershed has an important function in sustainable community economic development. Changes in land use result in most of the rainwater flowing as surface water which directly or indirectly has caused land degradation. This study aims to identify the presence of high conservation value areas as providers of natural environmental services in the Krueng Peusangan watershed. This study used the HCV Toolkit Indonesia approach and SIG analysis with a tiered quantitative method of slope, soil type, land cover and averaged daily rainfall intensity. The results obtained showed that the Krueng Peusangan watershed has 40.54% of high conservation value areas as providers of natural environmental services, with 23.15% of water supply and flood control areas and 20.01% of erosion and sedimentation control areas. It also identified, 2.67% of the Krueng Peusangan watershed is water supply and flood control areas as well as erosion and sedimentation control areas. This research offers important information about areas providing natural environmental services to the central government, local governments, non-governmental organizations and communities to work together to answer the big challenges in managing the Krueng Peusangan watershed

REMOVAL OF MERCURY (Hg) FROM TAILINGS WASTE CONTAMINATED SOIL BY PHYTOREMEDIATION USING VETIVER (Vetiveria zizanioides L.)

Hartila Bayani — 2024-08-01

Mercury waste from unlicensed gold mining (PETI) is absorbed by the soil, so that the soil contains Mercury (Hg). This will cause environmental pollution. The Hg waste treatment method using the phytoremediation method has been able to bind Hg contained in the soil. However, phytoremediation of Hg waste from tailings soil using vetiver plants (Vetiveria zizanioides L.) has never been specifically studied. This study aims to determine the removal of Hg from soil contaminated with traditional gold mining tailings waste to determine the effect of Hg levels in the soil on the growth of Vetiveria zizanioides L. Vetiveria zizanioides L. plants in the soils that previously had heavy metal Hg as a pollutant with concentration variations of 1.8816 ppm and 1.9113 ppm and harvest variations of 7, 14, and 21 days. The results showed that Vetiveria zizanioides L. can accumulate Hg in the roots, soil, and leaves. The highest Hg accumulation in the roots of all types of concentration variations of 1.8816 ppm and 1.9113 ppm were 1.52 µg/g, 1.52 µg/g and 1.32 µg/g; 1.254 µg/g, 0.6813 µg/g and 0.59 µg/g on stems; while 1.02 µg/g, 0.49 µg/g and 0.04 µg/g on the soil. From the data that has been presented, it can be seen that the sample of Vetiveria zizanioides L. is able and effective in reducing the concentration levels of contaminants contained in tailings waste soil. The results of a simple linear regression test for Hg waste treatment showed that there was an effect of time/day on the decrease in the levels of the test parameters. The results indicate the use of Vetiveria zizanioides L has the potential to be used in the treatment of Hg-contaminated waste soil.

WATERWHEEL DRAINAGE CLEANER (WDC): AN ECONOMIC TECHNOLOGY APPROACH INNOVATION FOR LAND-WATER RELATED MICROPLASTIC POLLUTION PREVENTION

Nanda Savira Ersa — 2024-08-01

Microplastic pollution in water bodies is currently attracting attention worldwide due to its societal prevalence and long lifespan. It enters freshwater ecosystems through runoff, wastewater discharge, and atmospheric deposition in various colors, sizes (<5 mm), shapes, and polymer types. If microplastics are transported through the food chain, they can become harmful and have negative effects on aquatic ecosystems and human health. Due to the high correlation with human activities, urban areas are a significant source of microplastic emissions into water bodies. All these sources are related to the collection and discharge of drainage systems, which are important pathways for moving pollutants between land and water. The common way to remove solid waste, especially plastic waste in drainage, is using the traditional way by humans. However, this method takes a long time and is dangerous for humans due to exposure to an unhealthy work environment. Innovation is needed to reduce plastic waste pollution in urban drainage. The Waterwheel Drainage Cleaner (WDC) uses an air wheel mechanism that rotates using the flow potential of water. The WDC is equipped with filter arms that end on the conveyor. The conveyors are beneficial for moving waste from drainage to WDC tubes. The WDC framework can be applied to other multi-locations, such as rivers, reservoirs, and lakes. The WDC innovation is expected to reduce microplastic pollution in the aquatic environment, reduce drainage sedimentation, and increase community sanitation at a more cost and time-efficient rate.

MEASUREMENT OF THE HEAVY METAL CONTENT OF ZINC (Zn) and COPPER (Cu) FROM THE GREEN SEAWEED Caulerpa taxifolia and Caulerpa racemosa

Bhayu Gita Bhernama — 2024-08-01

Aceh has a great potential in coastal areas because Aceh has a large source of marine biota, especially seaweed. The coast that has great potential for seaweed growth is Ulee Lheue Beach. Ulee Lheue Beach is a tourist area and port, so it tends to be exposed to heavy metals. Seaweed can absorb heavy metals easily and is used as a bioindicator of environmental pollution. The aim of this research was to measure the heavy metal content of Cu and Zn from the green seaweeds Caulerpa taxifolia and Caulerpa racemosa. The research method was carried out using a hydrothermal analysis digestion process using a hydrothermal-microwave analysis tool for 30 minutes. Metal content was analyzed using an Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer (SSA). The results showed that the levels of heavy metals of Zn and Cu in Caulerpa taxifolia seaweed were 11.05 and 3.65 ppm. Furthermore, the levels of heavy metals Zn and Cu in the seaweed Caulerpa racemosa were 18.46 and 12.26 ppm. It can be concluded that Caulerpa taxifolia and Caulerpa racemosa can absorb heavy metals.

IDENTIFICATION OF MICROPLASTIC ABUNDANCE IN SEDIMENTS AND KUWE FISHES (Caranx sp) IN THE COASTAL AREA OF GAMPONG JAWA BANDA ACEH

Mulyadi Abdul Wahid — 2024-08-01

The presence of microplastics in aquatic sediments is a threat to biota that live in waters, especially fishes. This study aims to determine the presence of microplastics in sediments and Kuwe fish (Caranx sp) in the coastal waters of Gampong Jawa Banda Aceh. This research processes begins with sampling, sample preparation, identification of microplastics, and Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FT-IR) testing to determine the type of polymer as the origin of the microplastics in the fish samples. Several types of microplastics that have been identified are fragments, fibers and films. The colors of the microplastics found were brown, transparent, black, blue and red. The abundance of microplastics found in sediment was 1630 particles/kg, while the abundance of microplastics found in fish, namely in the organs of the digestive tract and in the fish's body with an abundance of 975 particles/kg and 135 particles/kg respectively. The results of FT-IR analysis have verified several types of polymers such as Polypropylene (PP), Polystyrene (PS), Poly (methyl methacrylate), Ethylene Vinyl Acetate (EVA), Nylon, High-Density Polyethylene (HDPE), and Low-Density Polyethylene (LDPE), with appropriate functional groups. The discovery of microplastics in the coastal waters of Gampong Jawa Banda Aceh indicates microplastic contamination. Therefore, preventive efforts are needed to reduce the abundance of microplastics in these waters.

CAPABILITY OF GREEN OPEN SPACE VEGETATION REDUCING CARBON EMISSIONS IN THE TRANSPORTATION SECTOR (CASE STUDY OF THE SIMPANG JAM AREA IN BANDA ACEH CITY)

Zya Dyena Meutia — 2024-08-01

The area of Bundaran BNI 46 Simpang Jam in Banda Aceh is an area that is often crowded with motorized vehicles. Motor vehicles produce CO as their exhaust gas. Excessive levels of CO in the air can harm human health. CO can turn into CO2 in the air. Overrated CO2 in the environment can cause greenhouse gas effects and global warming. CO2 can be absorbed by plants for their use in the photosynthesis process. The absorption of CO2 for each vegetation is different starting from very high to low. This research is a quantitative study to determine the total absorption capacity of vegetation in the area of Bundaran BNI 46 Simpang Jam on CO2 emissions which was done on April 2020. Calculating vehicle emissions and vegetation absorption using manual counts method at peak hours and calculations based on literature. From the research, it is known that the total number of vehicles passing through the area is 3250 motorized vehicles/hour with total emissions of 7,343,017,347 Kg/year. The total absorption capacity of 351 vegetation in that area is 614,410.30 kg/year. Accordingly, the area's vegetation is unable to absorb CO2 emissions optimally. To optimize CO2 absorption, vegetation replacement must be carried out. The tree combinations that can be selected to absorb all of the area's CO2 emissions are 320 Trembesi, 326 Kasia, 340 Glondokan, 305 Kenanga and 215 Beringin.