Indonesian Journal of Environmental Sustainability

THE INFLUENCE OF SOCIO-ECONOMIC FACTORS ON COMMUNITY PARTICIPATION IN THE IMPLEMENTATION OF THE REDUCE-REUSE-RECYCLE PRINCIPLE IN LHOKNGA, ACEH BESAR REGENCY, ACEH PROVINCE

Syarifah Seicha Fathma — 2024-12-30

Reduce, Reuse, and Recycle (3R) on waste management is one of the key strategies implemented in Indonesian to reduce the negative impact of waste on the environment. This study aims to explore the influence of socio-economic factors on the level of community participation of 3R in Lhoknga District, Aceh Province. The socio-economic factors analyzed include gender, age, educational attainment, income, occupation, housing status, and household size. This study used a descriptive quantitative survey approach involving 30 randomly selected respondents. Data analysis was conducted using Structural Equation Modeling-Partial Least Square (SEM-PLS) to identify the relationship between socio-economic variables and various forms of community participation, including cognitive participation, physical participation, material contributions, skills, and waste management. The analysis results show that socio-economic characteristics do not have a significant influence on the various forms of participation in waste management. The P Values for different types of participation are above 0.05, such as cognitive participation (0.342), physical participation (0.312), material contributions (0.390), skills (0.302), and general waste management participation (0.342). This indicates that there is no statistically significant relationship between socio-economic factors and the level of participation in waste management in Lhoknga. Participation in 3R activities is more influenced by individual awareness rather than socio-economic factors.

UTILIZATION OF ARECA NUT (Areca catechu L.) SHELL WASTE FOR CELLULOSE ACETATE MEMBRANES

Bhayu Gita Bhernama — 2024-12-30

The skin of the betel nut contains 65.8% cellulose, the seeds of the fruit contain 53.20% cellulose fiber. The aim of the research is to synthesize cellulose acetate membranes from betel nut shell waste. The research method was cellulose isolation using soxhletation, bleaching, delignification and hydrolysis methods, synthesis of cellulose acetate and cellulose acetate membranes with variations of 9 and 10% PEG. The cellulose content of banana peel is 28.09% with β cellulose type and monoclinic crystal form. The tensile test results for PEG 9% were 1.4437 Mpa and PEG 10% were 1.2429 Mpa. The swelling test results of PEG 9% were 150.7% and PEG 10% were 196%. It was concluded that betel nut shell waste can be synthesized into cellulose acetate membranes.

SPECIES DIVERSITY OF THE MORACEAE FAMILY AT THE SORAYA RESEARCH STATION IN THE LEUSER ECOSYSTEM AREA, SULTAN DAULAT DISTRICT, SUBULUSSALAM CITY, ACEH PROVINCE

Muslich Hidayat — 2024-12-30

Biodiversity is defined as the number of species inhabiting a particular area. Forests serve as ecosystems dominated by diverse plant species, primarily trees, which constitute the majority of the vegetation in these landscapes. Trees play a pivotal role in shaping forest communities and function as critical life-support systems. However, frequent environmental challenges and deforestation have resulted in insufficient attention toward research on the Moraceae family. Therefore, this study aims to identify species within the Moraceae family and analyze their diversity in the Soraya Research Station area. This research was conducted in September 2023 at the Soraya Research Station, located within the Leuser Ecosystem Area, Sultan Daulat District, Subulussalam City. The study employed an exploratory method using transect sampling across three main transects, each extending 1 km. Vegetation data were analyzed using the Importance Value Index (IVI) and Shannon-Wiener Diversity Index (H'). The findings revealed the presence of 8 Moraceae species, with a total of 221 individuals belonging to 2 genera. The species with the highest IVI was Damli (Artocarpus sp), with a value of 83.54, while the species with the lowest IVI was Damli lebar daun (Artocarpus sp), with a value of 8.87. The diversity index (H') of the Moraceae family at the Soraya Research Station was classified as moderate, with an H' value of 1.575.

EXPLORING THE ROLE OF SPECTRAL INDICES ON IMPROVING LAND COVER CLASSIFICATION ACCURACY BASED ON SENTINEL-2 SATELLITE IMAGERY IN BANDA ACEH CITY, INDONESIA

Mulkal — 2024-12-30

The land cover on the Earth's surface is constantly changing due to natural and human activities such as settlements, agriculture, mining, natural hazards, and more. These changes will continue as long as life exists on Earth, making land cover change monitoring a never-ending task. Land cover classification involves defining the existing land cover on the Earth's surface using satellite imagery data. Random Forest is a popular classification algorithm used in remote sensing. The aim of this research is to determine the role of spectral indices in improving land cover accuracy using the random forest method. Twelve spectral indices were used, including the Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI), Normalized Difference Water Index (NDWI), Normalized Difference Built-up Index (NDBI), Global Environment Monitoring Index (GEMI), Urban Index, Advanced Vegetation Index (AVI), Normalized Built-up Area Index (NBAI), Modified Bare Soil Index (MBI), and others. By combining these spectral indices with the 12 Bands of Sentinel-2 Satellite Imagery, the accuracy of land cover classification increased from 87% to 91%. The results showed that NBAI played a more important role compared to other spectral indices, with 6%, followed by NDVI with 5.6% and Urban Index with 4.9%.

THE EFFECT OF DIFFERENT CONCENTRATIONS OF RICE WASHING WATER IN THE COMPOSTING PROCESS WITH THE MAC DONALD METHOD

Husnawati Yahya — 2024-12-30

One way to reduce organic waste is through composting. One composting methodhat can be used is the Mac Donald method which employs an aerobic system to place raw ingredientsn an open box-shaped container. The purpose of this experiment was to observe the object under this study (rice washing water in organic waste composting). Four compost treatments namely P0 (organic garbage and without rice washing water added); P1 (organic garbage and added rice washing water of 35 ml); P2 (organic garbage and added rice washing water of 45 ml) and P3 (organic garbage and added rice washing water of 55 ml). Temperature measurements at the end of the composting process showed that the temperature in all four containers was 29°C. The pH values obtained met maturity requirements forompost as specified by SNI 19-7030-2004, namely with a minimum value of 6.80 and a maximum of 7.49. The observation results of moisture content at the end of composting in the four containers were 40%. The best results were shown in the variation of P2 (by added rice washing water of 45 ml) with a C/N ratio of 19.31 and began to mature in week 3 with levels of C-organic, N-total, P-total and K-total of 34.00%; 1.76%; 0.49% and 1.68% respectively.

ECOPOTENTIAL Bacillus sp. FROM KRUENG ACEH: BIOREMEDIATION AND ANTIMICROBIAL ACTIVITY

Annisa Rahmah — 2024-12-30

Bacillus bacteria are bacteria that are tolerant to heavy metal toxicity and are able to reduce heavy metals in the environment by bioaccumulation or bioabsorption. This research aims to determine how resistant Bacillus sp. against the heavy metal Fe, the growth curve of Bacillus sp. affected by Fe metal, characteristics of the Krueng Aceh pathogenic bacteria and the antimicrobial activity of Bacillus sp. against pathogenic microbes. This research method is descriptive and experimental. Based on the research results, it is known that Bacillus sp is resistant to Fe metal at concentrations of 2000 ppm and 2500 ppm. Results of measuring the growth curve of Bacillus sp. exposed to Fe metal with a concentration of 3000 ppm entered the lag phase (adaptation) at hour 0. Then the log (exponential) phase starts from the 12th hour to the 30th hour, then the stationary phase starts from the 30th hour to the 42nd hour. The results of the test for the characteristics of pathogenic bacteria showed that there were 14 isolates of pathogenic bacteria, namely 4 genus Klebsiella, 4 genus Enterobacter, and 6 genus Staphylococcus. The results of the antimicrobial activity test for Bacillus sp., which was tested on pathogenic microbes, namely Klebsiella sp., and Staphylococcus sp., had a weak inhibitory category, namely 2.71, 0.51, this shows that Bacillus sp. unable to inhibit these pathogenic microbes.